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Academy of Medical Royal Colleges (2022) Statement on the initial antimicrobial treatment of sepsis V2.0. London: AoMRC.

The UK Sepsis Trust: Clinical tools

The UK Sepsis Trust (2024) The sepsis manual. 7th edn. Birmingham: The UK Sepsis Trust.

National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (2016) Sepsis: recognition, diagnosis and early management. NICE guideline NG51. Updated 31 January 2024.

• Please check that guidance is applicable for your country. NICE guidance is officially England and Wales only.
  

NHS England (2017) Sepsis guidance implementation advice for adults, London: NHS England.

• This document describes an operational definition of sepsis and supports the implementation of the NICE guidelines on the identification and treatment of sepsis.
  

Evans L, Rhodes A, Alhazzani W et al. (2021) Executive summary: Surviving Sepsis Campaign: international guidelines for the management of sepsis and septic shock 2021, Critical Care Medicine, 49(11), pp. 1974–1982.

Evans L, Rhodes A, Alhazzani W et al. (2021) Surviving Sepsis Campaign: international guidelines for management of sepsis and septic shock 2021, Critical Care Medicine, 49(11), p. e1063.

Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (2023) Care of the deteriorating patient: consensus recommendations 167, Edinburgh: SIGN.

Singer M, Deutschman CS, Seymour C, et al. (2016) The third international consensus definitions for sepsis and septic shock (sepsis-3), JAMA, 315 (8) pp.801-810.

• Includes the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score.
  

European Society of Intensive Care Medicine (ESICM): Guidelines and consensus statements

We would like to thank the RCN Critical Care and In-flight ÌÀÍ·ÌõÎÛÁÏ community for their input into the development of this subject guide.

Freeman S, Steen C and Bleakley G (2022) Essentials of ÌÀÍ·ÌõÎÛÁÏ critically ill adults. London: SAGE.

• Chapter 7 covers critical care related to systemic inflammatory response
  

Myers A and Samuels T (2023) Clinical cases in critical care. Chichester: Wiley Blackwell.

• Case 13 discusses the patient who is hypotensive with sepsis as one of the potential causes.
  

Peate I and Dutton H (2021) Acute ÌÀÍ·ÌõÎÛÁÏ care: recognising and responding to medical emergencies. 2nd edn. Abingdon: Routledge.

• Chapter 12 covers the immune and lymphatic systems, infection and sepsis.
  

Suh G J (ed.) (2018) Essentials of shock management: a scenario-based approach. Singapore: Springer.

Tait D, Williams C, Barton D and James J (2022) Acute and critical care in adult ÌÀÍ·ÌõÎÛÁÏ. 3rd edn. London: Learning Matters.

• Chapter 7 covers the patient with sepsis and septic shock.
  

Wiersinga W J and Seymour C W (eds. ) (2018) Handbook of sepsis. Cham: Springer.

Use these links for details of journal articles on each topic.

Journals of interest for sepsis. Use these links to see details of availability.

The Sepsis Game

• A game designed in collaboration with UK Sepsis Trust and NHS England for frontline clinical staff and support workers. It is an exciting, unusual and effective way to learn about sepsis. It can be played online.
  

Scott K (2019) Life beyond sepsis, RCN Bulletin,3 June.

• Quadruple amputee Tom Ray talks about the impact sepsis had on him and how he developed resilience to overcome its devastating effects.
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NHS Choices: Sepsis

• Information aimed at the public.